Expand All Collapse All Extent 46 folders, approximately 3,929 pages Summary This collection consists of records related to Bishop Gerardi, Luis Posada Carriles, Raul Ernesto Cruz Leon, Roger Noriega, the Americas Society, Washington Consensus, and property rights pertaining to Nicaragua and Cuba. It contains emails specifically concerning news wire stories, media summaries, press releases, press statements, electronic newsletters, and ONDCP (Office of National Drug Control Policy), OAS (Organization of American States), IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Bank press material. Scope and Content Note The materials in FOIA 2019-0146-F are a selective body of documents responsive to the topic of the FOIA. Researchers should consult the archivist about related material. Bishop Juan José Gerardi Conedera was a Guatemalan Roman Catholic bishop assassinated in 1998. Bishop Gerardi was associated with the Guatemalan Office of Human Rights of the Archbishop and Recovery of Historical Memory project, which published a 1998 report disclosing human rights violations during the Guatemalan Civil War. Luis Posada Carriles was an anti-Castro Cuban exile. He engaged in subversive activities against Fidel Castro’s Cuban government. Raul Ernesto Cruz Leon is a Salvadoran militant associated with Luis Posada Carriles’ anti-Castro Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations (CORU). Roger Noriega is a U.S. diplomat and lobbyist known for his involvement in Latin American policy development. He has been Senior Policy Advisor for the U.S. Mission to the Organization of American States (OAS), Senior Staff Member for the Chair of both the House and Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Permanent Representative to the OAS, and Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs. The Americas Society is a New York City-based organization founded by David Rockefeller in 1965. Its purpose is to increase awareness of political, economic, and social issues affecting the nations of the Americas. Washington Consensus refers to economic reform policies endorsed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and United States Department of the Treasury. It originated in the 1980s as a plan to encourage economic growth and development in Latin American countries. Property rights have long been an issue in Nicaragua and Cuba. The Nicaraguan Revolution involved mass seizure and redistribution of land and property by the Sandinista National Liberation Front. During the Cuban Revolution Castro’s government seized and placed privately-owned property under government control. Only recently has the Cuban government begun to grant private property rights. Materials responsive to this FOIA request include emails referencing Bishop Gerardi, Luis Posada Carriles, Raul Ernesto Cruz Leon, Roger Noriega, Americas Society, Washington Consensus, and property rights pertaining to Nicaragua and Cuba. Emails in this collection specifically concern news wire stories, media summaries, news releases, press releases, statements, electronic newsletters, and ONDCP (Office of National Drug Control Policy), OAS, IMF, World Bank press material. Record Type Textual System of Arrangement Records that are responsive to this FOIA request were found in these collection areas—Clinton Presidential Records: ARMS Emails, and Clinton Presidential Records: TRP Emails. The Automated Records Management System (ARMS) is a database that contains email records of the Executive Office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential email. The ARMS database is comprised of seven sub-series of email records called "buckets." The buckets generally represent a specific White House office. The buckets are titled: NPR for National Performance Review, OPD for Office of Policy Development, POTUS for President of the United States, WHO for White House Office, CEA for Council of Economic Advisers, NSC for National Security Council, and Default for emails not associated with an office. The NPR bucket contains email created or received by an individual with a National Performance Review (NPR) White House user account. The OPD bucket contains email created or received by an individual with an Office of Policy Development (OPD) White House user account. The POTUS bucket was designated for email created and received by the President of the United States (POTUS). Please note that President Clinton never used his POTUS White House user account to send the few emails he wrote while in office. The WHO bucket contains email created or received by an individual with an Executive Office of the President White House user account not identified as CEA, NPR, or OPD. The CEA bucket contains email created or received by an individual with a Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) White House user account. The NSC bucket contains email created or received by an individual with a National Security Council (NSC) user account. The Default bucket contains email created or received by unknown or un-recognized email accounts. Email found within the Default bucket often includes email created or received by offices or individuals outside the Executive Office of the President. ARMS email are arranged by topic, there-under by bucket, and there-under chronologically by creation date. The Tape Restoration Project (TRP) is a database consisting of restored emails from the Automated Records Management System (ARMS) from July 1994 through June of 2000. The TRP is a database that contains email records of the Executive Office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential record email. The TRP database is comprised of the same seven sub-series of email as in ARMS. TRP email are arranged by topic, there-under by bucket, and there-under chronologically by creation date. Access Collection is open to all researchers. Access to Clinton Presidential Records is governed by the Presidential Records Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. Chapter 22, as amended) and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552, as amended) and therefore records may be restricted in whole or in part in accordance with legal exemptions. Copyright Documents in this collection that were prepared by officials of the United States government as part of their official duties are in the public domain. Researchers are advised to consult the copyright law of the United States (17 U.S.C. Chapter 1) which governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Provenance Official records of William Jefferson Clinton’s presidency are housed at the Clinton Presidential Library and administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) under the provisions of the Presidential Records Act (PRA). Processed by Staff Archivist, 2019. Previously restricted materials are added as they are released. Last Modified Date 2019-05-06 Container List The following is a list of documents and folders processed in response to FOIA 2019-0146-F: Box 1 Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Americas Society] [05/16/1999] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Americas Society] [08/30/1994 – 11/29/2000] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Americas Society] [05/10/1993 – 12/06/2000] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Bishop Gerardi] [05/05/1998] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Bishop Gerardi] [04/28/1998 – 09/11/1998] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Bishop Gerardi] [05/08/1998 – 10/26/1999] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Luis Posada Carriles] [09/07/1997 – 12/03/2000] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Luis Posada Carriles] [07/13/1998 – 01/05/2001] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Property Rights] [06/04/1997 – 05/22/2000] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Property Rights] [12/16/1994 – 05/15/2000] CEA [OA/ID 950000] [Property Rights] [06/30/2000] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Property Rights] Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email] (continued) [05/25/1994 – 10/06/1998] [03/05/1999 – 12/28/2000] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Raul Ernesto Cruz Leon] [11/18/1997 – 02/26/1999] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Roger Noriega] [02/18/1998 – 02/04/1999] Box 2 WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Roger Noriega] [03/30/1995 – 11/29/1999] [12/21/1999 – 02/28/2000] [03/06/2000 – 12/20/2000] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Roger Noriega] [02/04/1998 – 10/26/2000] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Washington Consensus] [12/01/1998] [03/18/1999] [09/14/1999 – 06/27/2000] [07/08/2000 – 09/11/2000] Box 3 WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Washington Consensus] [12/06/1996 – 01/12/1999] [06/11/1999 – 10/05/2000] CEA [OA/ID 950000] [Washington Consensus] [03/26/1998 – 03/29/2000] [04/16/2000 – 10/02/2000] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Washington Consensus] [06/20/1994 – 04/12/1999] [06/21/1999] [1] [06/21/1999] [2] [06/22/1999 – 06/29/1999] Box 4 [08/17/1999] [1] [08/17/1999] [2] [09/13/1999 – 12/20/1999] Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email] (continued) [01/12/2000 – 01/17/2001] Clinton Presidential Records: Tape Restoration Project (TRP) [Email] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Americas Society] [03/06/1997 – 03/04/1999] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Bishop Gerardi] [04/27/1998] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Bishop Gerardi] [05/05/1998] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Luis Posada Carriles] [07/13/1998] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Luis Posada Carriles] [07/22/1998] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Property Rights] [05/18/1998 – 09/30/1998]] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Property Rights] [01/22/1998 – 04/16/1998] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Roger Noriega] [02/02/1998] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Washington Consensus] [03/31/1998 – 04/01/1998] Box 5 Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Washington Consensus] [11/19/1996 – 02/28/1997] [06/19/1997 – 11/14/1998]