Expand All Collapse All Extent 136 folders, approximately 8,680 pages Summary This collection consists of records related to Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, Sr’s appointment as Special Envoy for the President and Secretary of State for Promotion of Democracy in Africa. It consists of correspondence, memoranda, reports, emails, administrative paperwork, and transcripts of press briefings, press releases, speeches, and foreign press compilations. Scope and Content Note The materials in FOIA 2014-0927-F are a selective body of documents responsive to the topic of the FOIA. Researchers who are interested in Jackson’s trip to South Africa in 1994 should also see FOIA request 2012-0660-F. Researchers should consult the archivist about related material. Records responsive to Freedom of Information Act request 2014-0927-F include correspondence, memoranda, reports, emails, administrative paperwork, and transcripts of press briefings, press releases, speeches, and foreign press compilations. The collection dates from 1996 to 2001. The collection contains a number of memoranda discussing the policy and talking points for Jackson’s trips to Africa. The collection includes administrative paperwork related to Jackson’s appointment and travel. As a Special Envoy and Ambassador Jackson was tasked with taking the message of the U.S. to Africa. There are letters from President Clinton to those involved in the 1999 elections in Nigeria—General Abubakar, Olusegun Obasanjo, and Obu Falae. The collection also includes Jackson’s, “Nigeria’s Big Tent Democracy: From Midnight to Daybreak” (November 11, 1998) and “Human Rights: A Call to Character” (May 18, 1998) speeches. Electronic records responsive to this request include weekly reports, USIA compilations of international media, and lists of names for consideration and invitation to events and travels related to Africa. President William J. Clinton announced on October 8, 1997, that he intended to formally appoint the Reverend Jesse Jackson as a Special Envoy for the President and Secretary of State for Promotion of Democracy in Africa. As the press release noted, Jackson was to promote good governance, encourage greater respect for human rights in Africa, and champion the function of democratic institutions in Africa. Jackson was also tasked with building greater cooperation between the United States and the countries of Africa. In some respects it was a role in which Jackson was already engaged. Through his Rainbow PUSH Coalition—National Rainbow Coalition and P.U.S.H. Organization were combined in 1996—Jackson maintained a close eye on the shifting humanitarian and democratic movements in Africa during the late 1980s and early 1990s. As early as 1972, Jackson was active in Africa working to secure the release of British journalists in Liberia. Beginning in the late 1970s and through the 1980s Jackson called for the end of apartheid in South Africa. In 1986, Jackson made what he called “a tour of the front line states” visiting: Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. He spent much time on this tour calling for the end of apartheid and promotion of democracy. On his front line tour he also called on United States President Ronald Regan to meet with African leaders and pressure South Africa to end apartheid. In 1994, at President Clinton’s request, Jackson led a team of observers from the United States to monitor the presidential elections in the Republic of South Africa. Reverend Jackson and Secretary of Transportation, Rodney Slater led a group of American business representatives to the African American Summit in Harare, Zimbabwe in July 1997. Following his appointment, Jackson made his first trip in December 1997 to visit Kenya and President Daniel arap Moi. Jackson served as Special Envoy until 2001, making a number of trips to Africa. Perhaps his greatest success was the negotiation of a Joint Communique in Sierra Leone establishing a cease-fire between the Sierra Leonean military and the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebels. Following the end of his appointment Jackson continued to be active in Africa. In 2013, he negotiated the release of two U.S. citizens held by the government of The Gambia. Record Type Textual System of Arrangement Records that are responsive to this FOIA request were found in these collection areas—Clinton Presidential Records: WHORM Subject Files, Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files, Clinton Presidential Records: ARMS Emails, Clinton Presidential Records: TRP Emails, and Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management Systems. The White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) contains a variety of series created to organize and track documents and correspondence. The WHORM Subject File was compiled by the White House Office of Records Management and is a series of categories designated by a number/letter combination. Staff and Office files were maintained at the document level; whereas, Staff and Office files are processed at the folder level, that is, individual documents are not selected and removed from a folder for processing. While this method maintains folder integrity, it frequently results in the incidental processing of documents that are not wholly responsive to the subject area. The Automated Records Management System (ARMS) is a database that contains email records of the Executive Office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential email. The ARMS database is comprised of six sub-series of email records called "buckets." The buckets generally represent a specific White House office. The buckets are titled: NPR for National Performance Review, OPD for Office of Policy Development, POTUS for President of the United States, WHO for White House Office, CEA for Council of Economic Advisers, and Default for emails not associated with an office. Records responsive to this request were found in the OPD, WHO, and Default buckets. The OPD bucket contains email created or received by an individual with an Office of Policy Development (OPD) White House user account. The WHO bucket contains email created or received by individual with an Executive Office of the President White House user account not identified as CEA, NPR, or OPD. The Default bucket contains email created or received by unknown or un-recognized email accounts. Email found within the Default bucket often includes email created or received by offices or individuals outside the Executive Office of the President. ARMS emails are arranged by topic, there-under by bucket, and there-under chronologically by creation date. The Tape Restoration Project (TRP) is a database consisting of restored emails from the Automated Records Management System (ARMS) from July 1994 through June of 2000. The TRP is a database that contains email records of the Executive Office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential record email. The TRP database is comprised of the same six sub-series of email as in ARMS. TRP emails are arranged by topic, there-under by bucket, and there-under chronologically by creation date. FOIA 2014-0927-F includes WHORM records from these subject codes: CO001-01 Africa CO006 Angola, People’s Republic of CO057 Ethiopia CO126 Nigeria, Federal Republic of. Access Collection is open to all researchers. Access to Clinton Presidential Records is governed by the Presidential Records Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. Chapter 22, as amended) and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552, as amended) and therefore records may be restricted in whole or in part in accordance with legal exemptions. Copyright Documents in this collection that were prepared by officials of the United States government as part of their official duties are in the public domain. Researchers are advised to consult the copyright law of the United States (17 U.S.C. Chapter 1) which governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Provenance Official records of William Jefferson Clinton’s presidency are housed at the Clinton Presidential Library and administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) under the provisions of the Presidential Records Act (PRA). Processed by Staff Archivist, 2018. Previously restricted materials are added as they are released. Last Modified Date 2018-05-30 Container List The following is a list of documents and folders processed in response to FOIA 2014-0927-F: Box 1 Clinton Presidential Records: WHORM: Subject File Category Case Number CO001-01 240337 CO006 039657SS CO057 265589SS CO126 072388 CO126 075003 CO126 284730SS CO126 296134SS Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files Chief of Staff Bowles, Erskine Jesse Jackson [OA/ID 12885] Domestic Policy Council Little, Bethany Jesse Jackson [103839] National Security Council African Affairs Rice, Susan/Barks-Ruggles, Erica/DeShazer, MacArthur/McCormick, Shawn Jesse Jackson, 1996-1997 [1] [OA/ID 2257] Jesse Jackson, 1996-1997 [2] [OA/ID 2257] Jesse Jackson, 1996-1997 [3] [OA/ID 2257] Jesse Jackson, 1996-1997 [4] [OA/ID 2257] Wilson, Ernest J. /Rice, Susan/Smith, Gayle/Frazer, Jendayi/Byrne, Cathy et al Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [1] [OA/ID 2851] Box 2 Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [2] [OA/ID 2851] Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [3] [OA/ID 2851] Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [4] [OA/ID 2851] Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [5] [OA/ID 2851] Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [6] [OA/ID 2851] Jesse Jackson, 1998-Present [2000] [7] [OA/ID 2851] Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email] OPD [OA/ID 250000] [Jesse Jackson] [04/05/1998 - 12/17/1999] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Jesse Jackson] [10/09/1997 - 03/26/1999] [03/29/1999 - 12/06/1999] Box 3 [12/31/1999 - 01/18/2001] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Jesse Jackson] [02/05/1998 - 02/23/2000] NSC [OA/ID 1200000] [Liberia] [05/18/2000-08/29/2000] [Nigeria] [03/13/1998-08/24/2000] [Sierra Leone] [09/21/1999] NSC [OA/ID 1200000] [Special Envoy] [10/08/1997-03/04/1999] [03/18/1999-05/11/2000] [05/13/2000-05/17/2000] [05/17/2000-08/30/2000] Clinton Presidential Records: Tape Restoration Project (TRP) [Email] WHO [OA/ID 500000] [Jesse Jackson] [01/07/1998 - 03/24/1998] Default [OA/ID 1100000] [Jesse Jackson] [07/20/1998 - 03/01/1999] NSC [OA/ID 1200000] [Special Envoy] [04/03/1998] [06/01/1998-09/28/1999] Box 4 Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System NSC Cables Jan 1997-Dec 1998 [OA/ID 520000] [Liberia] [02/10/1998-08/03/1998] [Nigeria] [07/13/1998-12/31/1998] [Sierra Leone] [11/25/1998-12/31/1998] [Special Envoy] [10/15/1997-12/09/1997] [12/09/1997-02/06/1998] [02/10/1998-03/17/1998] [03/17/1998-04/22/1998] [04/23/1998-07/23/1998] [07/28/1998-11/13/1998] [11/13/1998-11/20/1998] [11/25/1998-12/30/1998] Box 5 Jan 1999-Dec 2000 [OA/ID 530000] [Liberia] [12/01/1998-01/10/2000] [Nigeria] [01/14/1999-08/10/2000] NSC Cables Jan 1999-Dec 2000 [OA/ID 530000] [Sierra Leone] [12/14/1998-09/18/2000] [Special Envoy] [01/06/1999-03/12/1999] [03/12/1999-07/20/1999] [07/23/1999-11/19/1999] [11/24/1999-05/19/2000] [05/19/2000-06/02/2000] [06/06/2000-09/05/2000] NSC Emails MSMail-Record (Sept 94-Sept 97) [OA/ID 590000] [Africa] [04/03/1997-04/15/1997] [Promotion of Democracy] [12/05/1996] MSMail-Non-Record (Sept 94-Sept 97) [OA/ID 605000] [Promotion of Democracy] [12/18/1996] Exchange-Record (Sept 97-Jan 01) [OA/ID 620000] [Africa] [09/30/1997] Box 6 [Liberia] [08/29/2000] [Nigeria] [02/12/1998-03/05/1999] [05/14/1999-01/12/2001] [Special Envoy] [10/07/1997-10/08/1997] [10/09/1997-12/18/1997] [12/19/1997] [12/22/1997-01/29/1998] [02/04/1998-03/18/1998] [03/18/1998-03/19/1998] [03/19/1998] [1] Box 7 [03/19/1998] [2] [03/19/1998] [3] [03/19/1998-03/21/1998] [03/23/1998-07/15/1998] [07/15/1998-11/20/1998] NSC Emails [Special Envoy] [11/23/1998-12/01/1998] [12/02/1998-02/23/1999] [02/24/1999] [03/01/1999-03/08/1999] [03/10/1999-03/11/1999] Box 8 [03/15/1999-04/05/1999] [04/09/1999-01/15/1999] [04/26/1999] [04/29/1999-05/18/1999] [05/18/1999-05/26/1999] [05/26/1999-07/07/1999] [07/07/1999] [07/07/1999-07/16/1999] [07/19/1999-09/27/1999] Box 9 [09/28/1999-10/18/1999] [05/11/2000-05/12/2000] [05/13/2000-05/17/2000] [05/19/2000-05/22/2000] [05/22/2000] [05/23/2000-05/30/2000] [05/30/2000-06/01/2000] [06/01/2000-07/20/2000] [08/24/2000-09/14/2000] Box 10 Exchange-Non-Record (Mar 97-Jan 01) [OA/ID 630000] [Africa] [07/26/1997-09/25/1997] [Liberia] [04/16/1998-11/20/1998] [Nigeria] [07/01/1997-08/24/2000] [Special Envoy] [11/04/1997-01/12/1998] [01/13/1998-02/26/1998] [02/26/1998-03/13/1998] [03/13/1998-03/18/1998] [03/18/1998] NSC Emails Exchange-Non-Record (Mar 97-Jan 01) [OA/ID 630000] [Special Envoy] [03/20/1998-12/02/1998] [12/04/1998-02/23/1999] Box 11 [02/23/1999-03/01/1999] [03/04/1999-03/18/1999] [03/25/1999] [04/01/1999-06/01/1999] [08/13/1999-11/01/1999] [11/05/1999-01/18/2001] NSC Records Management [Jackson and Special Envoy] 9702501 [OA/ID 1613] 9703509 [OA/ID 3230] 9708039 [OA/ID 1656] 9708501 [OA/ID 1659] 9708573 [OA/ID 1660] 9800637 [OA/ID 2012] 9801856 [OA/ID 2022] 9802199 [OA/ID 2025] 9803283 [OA/ID 2034] Box 12 9803334 [OA/ID 2035] 9803932 [OA/ID 2040] 9804460 [OA/ID 2045] 9804982 [OA/ID 2048] 9805054 [OA/ID 2049] 9808033 [OA/ID 2071] 9808087 [OA/ID 2071] 9808242 [OA/ID 2072] 9900284 [OA/ID 2706] 9902615 [OA/ID 2722] 9905293 [OA/ID 2739] 9908299 [OA/ID 2759] 0003245 [OA/ID 4090]