(2006-0646-F) Rwanda

69 folders, approximately 6,406 pages

This collection consists of records related to genocide in Rwanda in 1994. This collection describes attitudes on intervention in Rwanda in 1994, humanitarian relief efforts, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, and President Clinton's trip to Rwanda in 1998. The collection consists of agendas, articles, background information, bulletins, cables, correspondence, drafts, emails, memoranda, press briefings, reports, and schedules.

The materials in FOIA 2006-0646-F are a selective body of documents responsive to the topic of the FOIA. Researchers should also consult FOIA cases 2006-0186-F; 2006-0218-F; 2006-0230-F; 2006- 0238-F; 2006-0296-F; 2008-0549-F related to Rwanda. FOIA request 2006-0646-F contains agendas, articles, background information, bulletins, cables, correspondence, drafts, emails, memoranda, press briefings, remarks, reports, and schedules concerning genocide in Rwanda in 1994. In April of 1994 in Rwanda, violence between the majority Hutus and minority Tutsis resulted in genocide. This genocide was sparked by the death of Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu. On April 6, 1994, President Habyarimana’s airplane was shot down above the Kigali airport. Between April and July 1994, Hutus killed an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and some moderate Hutus. The Tutsi Rwandese Patriotic Front or RPF launched a major offensive in response to these killings. After the RPF offensive, approximately two million refugees fled Rwanda into neighboring countries. Disease, starvation and violence plagued these overcrowded and ill-equipped refugee camps. The response of the Clinton Administration was to provide humanitarian assistance, stabilize the region politically, restore order in Rwanda, and allow refugees to return to their homeland. The White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) Subject Files responsive to this request contain press briefings, schedules, agendas, background materials, and remarks concerning President Clinton’s 1998 trip to Africa. He visited the countries of Ghana, Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa, Botswana, and Senegal. These subject files also contain drafts, research articles, and correspondence concerning Hillary Clinton’s forward to the book, ―Witness to Genocide, the Children of Rwanda‖. The White House Staff and Office files contain correspondence from Congress and non-profit organizations to President Clinton. These letters, in addition to memoranda, concern intervention and the Rwandan genocide. Letters from Amnesty International call on countries to assist in preventing the transfer of weapons to the militia in Rwanda. The Automated Records Management System [Email] files responsive to this request primarily contain bulletins updating the White House on the situation in Rwanda, memos describing public opinion on intervention, and congressional schedules regarding Rwanda. NSC cables primarily focus on the reaction of the foreign media to events in Rwanda in 1994. These NSC cables include reports on the scale of killing, the plight of refugees, and the response of the international community. NSC emails consist of press guidance summarizing the U.S. government’s actions when providing humanitarian relief to Rwanda and its neighboring countries. NSC emails also briefly discuss the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

Textual

Records that are responsive to this FOIA request were found in four collection areas—Clinton Presidential Records: White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) Subject Files; Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files; Clinton Presidential Records: ARMS Email; and Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System. The White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) contains a variety of series created to organize and track documents and correspondence. The WHORM Subject file was compiled by the White House Office of Records Management and is a series of categories designated by a letter/number combination. Staff and Office files were maintained at the folder level by staff members within their individual offices and document all levels of administration activity. WHORM files are processed at the document level; whereas, Staff and Office files are processed at the folder level, that is, individual documents are not selected and removed from a folder for processing. While this method maintains folder integrity, it frequently results in the incidental processing of documents that are not wholly responsive to the subject area. The Automated Records Management System [Email] is a database that contains email records of the executive office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential email. The ARMS dataset is comprised of 6 sub-series of email records called ―Buckets. The buckets include NPR, OPD, POTUS, WHO, CEA, and Default. ARMS emails are arranged chronologically by creation date.

Collection is open to all researchers. Access to Clinton Presidential Records is governed by the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 USC 552, as amended) and the Presidential Records Act (PRA) (44 USC 2201) and therefore records may be restricted in whole or in part in accordance with legal exemptions.

Official records of William Jefferson Clinton’s presidency are housed at the Clinton Presidential Library and administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) under the provisions of the Presidential Records Act (PRA).

Staff Archivist, 2011. Previously restricted materials are added as they are released.

The following is a list of documents and folders processed in response to FOIA 2006-0646-F:
Box 1
Clinton Presidential Records: WHORM: Subject File
Category Case Number
CO140 063373
CO140 069145
CO140 069159
CO140 069242
CO140 123478
CO140 271660SS
FG001 273323SS
FG001-07 425559
HU030 225420
PU001-07 100531SS
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files
First Lady’s Office
Sagawa, Shirley
Various Files & Binders
HRC Rwanda Foreword 5/99 [1] [OA/ID 24269]
HRC Rwanda Foreword 5/99 [2] [OA/ID 24269]
Witness to Genocide: The Children of Rwanda (Foreword by Hillary Rodham
Clinton) [OA/ID 24269]
Verveer, Melanne
Misc. Files
Rwanda Playground [OA/ID 23252]
Box 2
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
 African Affairs
 Frazer, Jendayi
 ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal Rwanda) [1] [OA/ID 1928]
 ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal Rwanda) [2] [OA/ID 1928]
National Security Council
 Global Affairs
 Atkin, Timothy
 Rwanda-Tribunal [OA/ID 345]
 Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs
 Hawley, Leonard
 Rwanda 1994 [1] [OA/ID 2080]
 Rwanda 1994 [2] [OA/ID 2080]
 Rwanda 1994 [3] [OA/ID 2080]
 Rwanda 1994 [4] [OA/ID 2080]
Box 3
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
 Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs
Schwartz, Eric
 Rwanda, 1994-1995 [OA/ID 3427]
 Rwanda I, 1994 [1] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda I, 1994 [2] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda I, 1994 [1] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda I, 1994 [2] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda II, 1994 [1] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda II, 1994 [2] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda III, 1994 [1] [OA/ID 4016]
Box 4
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
 Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs
Schwartz, Eric
 Rwanda III, 1994 [2] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda III, 1994 [3] [OA/ID 4016]
 Rwanda II, 1994-1996 [1] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda II, 1994-1996 [2] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda II, 1994-1996 [3] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda II, 1994-1996 [4] [OA/ID 3066]
 Rwanda II, 1994-1996 [5] [OA/ID 3066]
Box 5
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
 Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs
Shea, Dorothy
 ICTR [International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda] [OA/ID 3349]
 ICTY & ICTR [International Tribunal for former Yugoslavia & International
Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda] [OA/ID 3348]
 ICTY/ICTR [International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia/International
Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda]-Del Ponte Visit, September 2000
[OA/ID 3348]
 Rwanda War Crime Issues [OA/ID 3349]
 Smith, Peter
 Rwanda-Historical Documents on Humanitarian Response to Genocide (November December 2000) [OA/ID 3076]
 Stromseth, Jane/Feldman, Daniel
 ICTR [International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda] [OA/ID 2973]
 Rwanda-War Crime Issues [OA/ID 2973]
Clinton Presidential Records: Staff and Office Files (continued)
Press Office
Press Briefings
Master Set
[President Clinton’s Trip to Ghana, Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa,
Botswana, & Senegal – March 23 – April 2, 1998] [OA/ID 41015]
Subject Set
Rwanda [OA/ID 101771]
Scheduling Office
Hanlin, Kirk
[Trip Book – Trip of President Clinton to Ghana, Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa,
Botswana, and Senegal – March 22 – April 2, 1998] [OA/ID 23446]
[Trip Book – Trip of President Clinton to Ghana, Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa,
Botswana, & Senegal – Press Schedule for White House Traveling Press – March
22 – April 2, 1998] [OA/ID 23446]

Box 6

Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email]
WHO [OA/ID 500000]
[Rwanda 1994]
[04/30/1994 – 07/22/1994]
 [07/25/1994 – 08/12/1994]
Default [OA/ID 1100000]
[Rwanda 1994]
[05/05/1994 – 07/25/1994]
[07/26/1994 – 08/04/1994]
Box 7
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System
NSC Cables
 Jan 1993-Dec 1994
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [04/23/1994-05/06/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [05/11/1994-05/19/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [05/20/1994-06/11/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [06/11/1994-06/18/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [06/20/1994-07/01/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [07/01/1994-07/09/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
Box 8
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System
NSC Cables
 Jan 1993-Dec 1994
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [07/11/1994-07/22/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [07/23/1994-08/03/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [08/04/1994-08/22/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [08/22/1994-09/07/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [09/07/1994-09/21/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System (continued)
NSC Cables
 Jan 1993-Dec 1994
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [09/21/1994-10/11/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [10/12/1994-11/10/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
Box 9
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System
NSC Cables
 Jan 1993-Dec 1994
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [11/10/1994-11/25/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [11/29/1994-12/10/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
 [12/13/1994-12/29/1994] [OA/ID 505000]
NSC Emails
 A1-Record (Jan 93-Sep 94)
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [06/13/1994-06/28/1994] [OA/ID 570000]
 A1-Non-Record (Apr 94-Sept 94)
 [Rwanda and Genocide…]
 [06/17/1994-06/27/1994] [OA/ID 580000]