Presidential Review Directives request specific reviews and analyses be undertaken by the departments and agencies concerning national security and U.S. foreign policy. Presidential directives are signed or authorized by the President on issues of foreign policy and national security. The National Security Council gathers facts and views of appropriate government agencies, conducts analyses, determines alternatives, and presents policy choices to the President for decision. The President's decisions are announced by decision directives. On the first day of the Clinton Administration, President Clinton abolished the use of National Security Review (NSR) and the National Security Directive (NSD), replacing them with the Presidential Review Directive (PRD) and the Presidential Decision Directive (PDD). PDD-1 established these two separate series. President Clinton participates in a briefing on Bosnia in the White House Situation Room. Participants include: Vice President Gore, Tony Lake, Sec. Warren Christopher, Gen. John Shalikashvili, Richard Holbrooke, Leon Fuerth, Sandy Berger, John Deutch, John P. White, and Gordan Adams. November 22, 1995, Photographer: Ralph Alswang. President Clinton participates in a briefing on Bosnia in the White House Situation Room. Participants include: Vice President Gore, Tony Lake, Sec. Warren Christopher, Gen. John Shalikashvili, Richard Holbrooke, Leon Fuerth, Sandy Berger, John Deutch, John P. White, and Gordan Adams. November 22, 1995, Photographer: Ralph Alswang. Presidential Decision Directives PDD-1 - Establishment of Presidential Review and Decision Series, 1/20/1993 PDD-2 - Organization of the National Security Council, 1/20/1993 PDD-5 - Public Encryption Management, 4/15/1993 PDD-7 - Environmental Policy on Biodiversity and Global Climate Change 5/27/1993 PDD-8 - Declassification of POW/MIA Records, 6/10/1993 PDD-9 - Alien Smuggling, 6/18/1993 PDD-12 - Security Awareness and Reporting of Foreign Contacts, 9/5/1993 PDD-14 - U.S. on International Counternarcotics in the Western Hemisphere, 11/3/1993 PDD-15 - U.S. Policy on Stockpile Stewardship Under an Extended Moratorium and Comprehensive Test Ban, 11/3/1993 PDD-16 - Environmental Policy on International Desertification Forest Conservation and Freshwater Security, 11/5/1993 PDD-17 - U.S. Policy on Ballistic Missile Defenses and the Future of the ABM Treaty, 12/11/1993 PDD-19 - Environmental Policy on Multilateral Development Banks and Global Environmental Facility, 1/5/1994 PDD-23 - U.S. Policy on Foreign Access to Remote Sensing Space Capabilities, 3/9/1994 PDD-24 - U.S. Counterintelligence Effectiveness, 5/3/1994 PDD-25 - U.S. Policy on Reforming Multilateral Peace Operations, 5/3/1994 PDD-26 - U.S. Policy on Arctic and Antarctic Regions, 5/9/1994 PDD-28 - U.S. Policy Toward Latin America and the Caribbean, 9/8/1994 PDD-29 - Security Policy Coordination, 9/16/1994 PDD-30 - U.S. Nuclear Posture and Policy on Nuclear Arms Control Beyond the STARTI and START II Treaties, 9/21/1994 PDD-32 - Freedom of Navigation PDD-34 - U.S. Policy on Conventional Arms Transfer PDD-36 - U.S. Policy on Protecting Ocean Environment, 4/5/1995 PDD-39 - U.S. Policy on Counterterrorism, 6/21/1995 PDD-40 - U.S. Port Security Program PDD-42 - International Organized Crime, 10/21/1995 PDD-45 - Amendment to the Organization of the National Security Council PDD-47 - Nuclear Scientific and Technical Cooperation with Russia Related to Stockpile Safety and Security and Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, CTBT Monitoring and Verification, 3/4/1996 PDD-48 - Anti-Personnel Landmines, APL, 6/26/1996 PDD-50 - Commercial Communications Satellites and Jet-Engine Hot-Section Technology, 10/12/1996 PDD-51 - Amendment to the Organization of the National Security Council PDD-53 - Amendment to Organization of National Security Council, 1/9/1997 PDD-54 - Anti-personnel Landmines (APL) - Additional Guidance on U.S. Policy PDD-56 - Managing Complex Contingency Operations PDD-62 - Protection Against Unconventional Threats to the Homeland and Americas Overseas, 5/22/1998 PDD-63 - Critical Infrastructure Protection, 5/20/1998 PDD-65 - Amendment to Organization of National Security Council, 6/23/1998 PDD-66 - U.S. Nuclear Posture and Policy on Further Reductions in Nuclear Force in START III PDD-68 - International Public Information (IPI) PDD-70 - National Implementation of Chemical Weapons Convention, 12/17/1999 PDD-71 - Strengthening Criminal Justice Systems in Support of Peace Operations and Other Complex Contingencies Presidential Review Directives PRD-1 - U.S. Policy Regarding the Situation in the Former Yugoslavia, 1/22/1993 PRD-2 - U.S. Policy Toward Cambodia, 02/04/1993 PRD-3 - U.S. Policy Toward Russia and Ukraine, 02/04/1993 PRD-4 - U.S. Strategic Offensive Arms Control Policy AfterSTART II Signature, 02/06/1993 PRD-5 - Somalia, 02/08/1993 PRD-6 - U.S. Policy Toward Vietnam, 02/09/1993 PRD-7 - U.S. Policy Toward Japan, 02/10/1993 PRD-8 - U.S. Policy toward Nonproliferationand Export Controls PRD-9 - U.S. Policy Toward Angola, 2/11/1993 PRD-10 - U.S. Policy Toward Zaire, 2/11/1993 PRD-11 - U.S. Policy Toward China, 2/12/1993 PRD-12 - U.S. Policy toward Global EnvironmentalAffairs, 2/15/1993 PRD-13 - Multilateral Peacekeeping operation, 2/15/1993 PRD-14 - U.S. Policy Toward Sudan, 2/22/1993 PRD-15 - U.S. Policy Toward Nicaragua, 2/22/1993 PRD-16 - U.S. Policy Toward Iran PRD-17 - U.S. Policy Toward Liberia, 2/16/1993 PRD-18 - U.S. Policy Toward International NarcoticsTrafficking, 3/1/1993 PRD-19 - U.S. Policy on Nuclear Testing and a ComprehensiveTest Ban, 3/3/1993 PRD-20 - International Programs and Resources, 3/8/1993 PRD-21 - U.S. Policy Toward Latin America and the Caribbean, 3/8/1993 PRD-22 - U.S. Policy Toward South Asia, 3/16/1993 PRD-23 - U.S. Policy on Extraterritorial Application of National Environment Policy 04/08/1993 PRD-24 - U.S. Policy Toward Turkey, 04/09/1993 PRD-25 - The Future of Arms Control and Disarmament, 4/9/1993 PRD-26 - Democracy Programs, 04/13/1993 PRD-27 - Advanced Telecommunications and Encryption, 4/16/1993 PRD-28 - War Powers Issues, 04/23/1993 PRD-29 - National Security Information, 4/26/1993 PRD-30 - U.S. Policy Toward the European Community, 4/26/1993 PRD-31 - U.S. Policy on Ballistic Missile Defenses and the Future of the ABM Treaty, 4/26/1993 PRD-32 - U.S. Policy Toward Peru, 4/29/1993 PRD-33 - U.S. Policy Toward South Africa, 5/1/1993 PRD-34 - U.S. Policy on Strategic Nuclear Arms ControlBeyond the START I and START II Treaties, 5/21/1993 PRD-35 - National Security Review - Strategy, 6/11/1993 PRD-36 - U.S. Policy Toward Central and Eastern Europe, 7/5/1993 PRD-37 - U.S. Policy Toward Taiwan, 8/18/1993 PRD-38 - U.S. Policy Toward Central Asia, 8/21/1993 PRD-39 - U.S. Policy Towards East Asia and the Pacific, 8/30/1993 PRD-40 - Expanding the Open Skies Treaty to EnvironmentalMonitoring, 11/19/1993 PRD-41 - Conventional Arms Transfer Policy, 12/15/1993 PRD-42 - US Policy Toward International Heroin Trafficking, 2/7/1994 PRD-43 - U.S. Environmental Policy in Latin America and Caribbean, 3/23/1995 PRD-44 - U.S. Counterintelligence Effectiveness, 3/24/1994 PRD-45 - Coordination of Arms Control and NonproliferationResearch and Development, 5/25/1994 PRD-46 - U.S. Policy Toward International Migration andRefugee Affairs, 5/31/1994 PRD-47 - International Organized Crime, 11/10/1994 PRD-48 PRD-49 - Issues Related to U.S. Military Presence and CanalReversion in Panama, 1/5/1995 PRD-50 - Emergency Humanitarian Relief, 1/10/1995 PRD-51 - Direct Communications Links Between Washingtonand Moscow, 2/28/1995 PRD-52 - Multilateral Sanctions Use and Enforcement, 3/15/1995 PRD-53 PRD-54 - Nonlethal Weapons Policy Issues and Options, 11/21/1996 PRD-55 PRD-56 - Computer Network Operations, 10/23/2000